Design of Distribution Transformers – e-lesson #5 – Construction elements

This lesson covers the fundamental principles of transformer design, focusing on the electromagnetic aspects. The presenter, Mario Solano, explains that transformer design involves balancing various requirements and constraints, including power, voltage, losses, temperature, insulation, and short-circuit performance. The key principle is Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states that the induced voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux linking the windings. The design process involves calculating the core flux, number of turns, and other parameters to achieve the desired voltage transformation. An ideal transformer has no losses, but in practice there are small differences between no-load and load conditions. Transformers have three main applications: stepping up or down voltage/current, and blocking DC. Overall, this lesson lays the essential groundwork for understanding how transformers are designed based on electromagnetic principles.